Burundi: Aho hambere hahise, ingene inka yafatwa mu muryango

Aho hambere hahise, imbere y’uko intambara itera, impongore zigahona, abungere baravugira ibicuba inka zabo baragiye, bazitwaye mu ruhongore rwazo. Kuva aho impongore z’ibitungwa zihoneye, ubworozi bw’ibitungwa bugasubira inyuma, ubu bwasubiye kwijukirwa, n’ubwo imigenzo yakorwa kera ku bitungwa itagikorwa cane ubu.

Aho hambere hahise abantu bose mu Burundi, barijukira gutunga ibitungwa. N’imico yose yarihurikiye ku gitungwa kuko cari ikimenyetso cerekana icubahiro. Hagukoresha ijambo ’inda’, bakoresha ijambo ‘igisabo’, aho baba bashaka kuvuga umushishito w’umwami, nyeningoma nuw’inka, kuko ijambo “inda” ryari ijambo rikoreshwa kubapfuye bose.

Eliakim Hakizimana, umuyobozi mukuru w’uburimyi mu bushikiranganji bw’uburimyi aremeza ko imbere, y’uko intambara yabaye hagati y’umwaka w’i 1993 n’i 2006 iba, uruhongore rwaba rufise ibitungwa bigera ku bihumbi 800. Ariko, imyaka 13 igihugu kiri mu ntambara, harabaye ingaruka mbi ku bitungwa kuko mu bitungwa ibihumbi 800, hasigaye ibihumbi amajana atatu gusa igihe amahoro agarukiye. Ikindi catumye uruhongore rw’inka ruhona, abagizi ba nabi babangamira cane igitungwa c’inka kuko baca bazitwara kuzirya. Mu gihe zitari zifiswe n’abenshi ico gihe c’intambara. Izishika ibihumbi 300 akaba arizo zishwe, bica bituma ubutunzi bw’igihugu c’Uburundi, gisanzwe kiri mu biyaga bigari vya Afrika, gisubira inyuma.

Patiri Ntabona Adriyano, uwahoze ari umwigisha muri kaminuza y’Uburundi, w’imyaka 74, ati : ‘Kuva na kera, igitungwa c’inka camye ari igitungwa cubashwe cane mu Burundi. Imbere y’uko haba intwaro y’agacinyizo y’abazungu mu mpera z’ikinjana ca 19, inka cari igitungwa kidasanzwe mu bwami bw’i Burundi’. Umwungere yaravugana n’inka yiwe, akayivugira ibicuba bitandukanye bivanye naho ariko arayiragira, ari kunywa amazi, ari kurisha canke igiye mu ruhongore, agenda arayikuyakuya. Inka yo mu karere ko mu biyaga bigari, yari inka y’ubwoko bwa ankole, ifise amahembe maremare n’ibonono bogororotse, ikaba yasigura ikiratwa c’ubwiza bivanye kungene bayibona. Umukenyezi kugira bamurate ko ari mwiza, bamubwira ko afise amaso y’inyana(y’inka).

N’amahasa yaharurwa hisunzwe ibitungwa : nko kugira bavuge amasaha yo mu gitondo, bavuga ‘mu maturuka y’inka, k’umuhingamo naho bakavuga, ‘mu mumataha y’inka’. Inka ubwazo zaranaronka n’amazina yazo, amazina avuga ubwiza bwazo canke amazina ahwanye n’ingene zimeze. Akarorero : ‘Yamwezi’ ni ukuvuga inka ivuye ku kwezi, ‘Yamwaka’, ni ukuvuga inka ya mbere nziza canke bakayita ‘Jambo’ bisigura ijambo.

Nduwimana Petero, umuhumure w’umunya Matana, yaragize icavuga ku bijanye n’ingene inka yafatwa, avuga ko aho hambere hahise, iyo hagize nk’umuntu akenera nk’itongo, ugutoneshwa kw’umwami canke umukenyezi, batanga inka. Kira noneho no mugusaba umugeni bavuga ko baje kurondera inka y’amaguru abiri agenda. Mugutanga inkwano, batanga inka, igitigiri c’izo batanga naco cavana n’ingene umuryango waje gusaba umugeni wifise.

Uburundi bwari bwarahaye agaciro inka. Patiri Ntabona ati : ‘inka yari ihuriro ry’imiryango’. Ariko, nubwo cari igitungwa cubashwe mu Burundi, ntibagifata nk’ikigirwamana nk’uko bikorwa mu gihugu c’Ubuhindi. Petero, umukozi wa Leta nawe ati : ‘Data yari afise inka, sogokuru na sokuruza, ariko singifata neza ibitungwa, numva mfise umubabaro udasanzwe, nk’uko umenga noba narahemukiye abavyeyi banje’.

Kuva aho intambara ihagarariye, uruhongore rw’inka ibihumbi 600 rwarasubiye gusanurwa. Ariko ubu bigasaba umuriyoni w’amadorari y’abanyamerika, kugira inka imwe igurwe, amafaranga, igihugu c’Uburundi giharurwa mu bihugu vya mbere bikenye kw’isi.

Kuva mwaka w’2008, nk’inka zigera ku 25000 zaratanzwe mu mugambi w’’ubushikiranganji bw’uburimyi n’ubworozi bufise mu ntumbero yo guteza imbere ico gisata kugira inka zitange amata menshi, zivemwo n’ibindi vyo kwikenura, nk’amaforomaji canke umwavu w’ibiterwa. Ibisigurwa na Hakizimana, umuyobozi mukuru w’uburimyi n’ubworozi. Emmanuel Nibaruta umunyagihugu w’imyaka 35, aba ku musozi Remera mu ntara ya Ngozi, ashimira Imana kubona yaramuhaye inka yiwe ya mbere. Mu gihe inka zitungwa cane hano mu Burundi zo mu bwoko bwa ‘Ankole’ zitanga iritiro rimwe ku munsi, inka zo mu bwoko bwa ‘Frisonne’ ziva mu bihugu vya buraya zo, zitanga amaritiro 16 y’amata ku munsi.

Inka y'ubwoko bw'Ankole

Abafise inka zo mu bwoko bwa Frisone bafise ingorane zuko batagira ahantu bahingurira amata naho bayadandariza. Ihinguriro rimwe ry’amata ryari rihari intambara itaratera, ryarugawe kuva aho intambara ibereye. Ubu amata akaba adandazwa n’abamakinga, bagenda baca mu mihana kuyagurisha umunsi wose. Anicet, umukozi wa Leta, akaba n’umworozi w’iraro ry’inka, avuga ko ivyo kubura aho badandariza amata yabo bibaca intege, kuko hari igihe banayasesa babuze uwuyabagurira kuko aba yapfuye, amaze iminsi. Ibifungurwa n’imiti y’ibitungwa bigaca bisongera isibe mu kuzimba. Uburundi ni gihugu ca nyuma gitanga amata muri Afrika y’Ubuseruko. Mu biharuro vyakozwe, vyerekana ko mu mwaka w’2011, igihugu c’uburundi catanze amatoni 71 300 gusa y’amata, mu gihe igihugu ca Kenya catanze imiriyoni 2 ni gice, Ubuganda Tanzaniya amatoni ibihunbi 500 kimwe kimwe cose n’Urwanda amatoni 121 400.

Umuyobozi w’ubworozi mu bushikiranganji bw’uburimyi n’ubworozi, Hakizimana aremeza ko Uburundi bukiri nyuma muvy’ubworozi ugereranije n’ibindi bihugu vyo muri Afrika y’Ubuseruko. N’ubwo atari icoroshe, gutera imbere ubwo nyene, bagiye gukora ibishoboka kugira batere imbere bukurikire ibindi bihugu bimaze gutera intambwe imbere mu bijanye n’ubworozi.