Umuganwa Rudoviko Rwagasore ni nde? Ubuzima bwiwe

Mu gihe Uburundi bwibuka kuri uwu wa mbere igenekerezo rya 13 Gitugutu 2014 imyaka 53 iheze umuganwa Rudoviko Rwagasore agandaguwe, ikinyamakuru IGIHE cashimye kugaruka kuvyaranze ubuzima bw’uwo muganwa, umuhungu w’umwami Mwambutsa n’umwamikazi Thérèse Kanyonga.

Umuganwa Rudoviko Rwagasore yatanguye ubuzima bwa poritike akiri muto. Yerekwa ko Uburundi buzoba bwiza, burangwa n’intwaro rusangi. Niwe yashikanye iguhugu ku ntahe yo kwikukira. Ntiyikunda, yakunda igihugu, ntiyashira imbere inyungu ziwe, ahubwo iz’igihugu.

Ni umuhungu w’umwami Mwambutsa n’umwamikazi Thérèse Kanyonga. Rudoviko Rwagasore yavukiye mu ntara ya Gitega igenekerezo rya 10 Nzero mu mwaka w’1932. Yatanguye amashure matomato afise imyaka indwi ahitwa mu Bukeye, hanyuma abandaniriza i Kanyinya mu ntara ya Gitega. Mu mwaka w’1945, niho yatangura amashure yisumbuye muri Groupe Scolaire y’i Astrida i Butare mu Rwanda, aho yahamaze imyaka 6. Mu mwaka w’1956, yagiye kwiga muri kaminuza y’i Anvers mu gihugu c’Ububirigi, ariko ntiyahamaze umwanya munini yaciye agaruka mu Burundi gutangura urugamba rwa poritike mu gutanguza amashirahamwe yo gukorera hamwe "COOPERATIVE". Ico gikorwa caraburabujwe n’Ububirigi bwari bwashize Uburundi mu ntwaro ya gikoroni kuva mu mwaka w’1958.
Yashinze urwiwe n’umukenyezi Mariya Rose Ntamikevyo igenekerezo rya 2 Nyakanga umwaka w’1959.

Muri uko kwezi yubakiyemwo urwiwe mu mwaka w’1958, Rwagasore yashinze umugambwe UPRONA ari kumwe na bagenzi biwe biganye harimwo Paul Mirerekano na Thade Siryuyumunsi. Uwo mugambwe wemewe n’amategeko igenekerezo rya 7 Nzero 1960.

Akiva mu gihugu c’Ububirigi, se wiwe, umwami Mwambutsa yashaka kumuha gutwara igice c’igihugu c’ahitwa Butanyerera ahatumbereye mu ntara ya Ngozi, ivyo akaba yaravyanse nyabuna yihebera igihugu n’umugambwe wiwe.
Yahavuye atumvikana na se wiwe, kuko umwami Mwambutsa yihaye ububasha bwo gutwara imigambwe yose igenekerezo rya 8 Ruhuhuma 1960, inyuma y’ukwikukira kwa Congo. Umwami yari afise amakenga ko nawe nyene azohava atembagazwa ku butegetsi aravye ivyari bihejeje gushikira mugenzi we wa Congo. Rwagasore na mugenzi we Mirerekano bari bafitaniye ubucuti bukomeye na Patrice Lumumba yari ahejeje gushikana Congo ku ntahe yo kwikukira.

Rwagasore yarakoranije inama rukokoma y’umugambwe wiwe UPRONA kuva igenekerezo rya 14 gushika 20 Ntwarante 1960. Yasavye ko hategerezwa kuba ukwikukira mu Burundi, gutyo urugamba ruba ruratanguye. UPRONA yasavye abanyagihugu kureka gutanga amakori n’amatagisi, kureka kugura ibidandazwa vy’abazungu, maze abanyagihugu bagahamagarirwa kwinuba abazungu. Se wiwe ntiyasiba gusubiramwo ko ubutegetsi bwose bufiswe n’umwami.

Kuva igenekerezo rya 27 Gitugutu gushika 9 Kigarama 1960, Rudoviko Rwagasore yapfunzwe ic’amaso, imbere y’amatora y’amakomine yari yateguwe hagati mu kwezi kwa Munyonyo. Umugambwe PDC wari ushigikiwe n’Ububirigi niwo watsinze ayo matora.
Igenekerezo rya 18 Nyakanga 1961 habaye amatora y’abashingamateka yari acungerewe na ONU. Rwagasore n’umugambwe wiwe UPRONA baratsinda bikomeye ku majwi 80 kw’ijana, uwo bahiganwa "Font Commun" harimwo PDC, uratsindwa kuko waronse ibice 20 kw’ijana. PDC ni umugambwe utashaka ukwikura kw’Uburundi kuko wari wegereye ababirigi.

Igenekerezo rya 28 Nyakanga1961, Thadee Siryuyumunsi atorwa kuba umukuru w’inama nshingamateka ya mbere mu Burundi, Rwagasore nawe agenwa kugira ashinge Reta nshasha yategerezwa gutegura ukwikukira kw’igihugu c’Uburundi.
Yahawe amabanga yo kuba umushikirangoma wa mbere igenekerezo rya 29 Nyakanga 1961. Petero Ngendandumwe nawe aca aba icegera c’umushikiranganji w’ubutunzi, muri Reta yarimwo abashikiranganji 15. Igisirikare cagumye mu minwe y’ababirigi.

Haheze ukwezi kumwe ashinze Reta kandi hasigaye amezi 8 kugira habe ukwikukira kw’Uburundi, igenekerezo rya 13 Gitugutu 1961, umuganwa Rudoviko Rwagasore yaciye yicwa iruhande y’ikiyaga Tanganyika ari mw’i Hoteli.
Umugiriki Kageorgis niwe yamwishe abitumwe n’indongozi z’umugambwe PDC batavuga rumwe na Rwagasore. Mu bantu batunzwe agatoke harimwo umutware Baranyanka yava mu nda y’ingoma ku mwami Ntare.
Igenekerezo rya 2 Ndamukiza, abishe Rwagasore baciriwe urwo gupfa. Kageorgis yishwe arashwe ku mugaragaro igenekerezo rya 30 Ruheshi, imbere y’uko haba ukwikukira, ku genekerezo rya 1 Mukakaro 1962.

Kuwa 15 Nzero 1963, abandi bafashije mu kwica Rwagasore baranyonzwe i Gitega, muribo harimwo umutware Baranyanka, Ntidendereza na Birori.
Haheze iminsi mike Rwagasore asezeye isi, umugambwe UPRONA wacitsemwo amashami abiri mu mwaka w’1962. Umugera w’amacakubiri hagati y’abatutsi n’abahutu uca uratangura kwaka indaro ariko abatutsi bagumana ubutware. Guhera mu mwaka w’1966, ubutegetsi buba ubw’umugambwe umwe UPRONA.
Indoto za Rwagasore zo kugira Uburundi bwigenga, bwunze ubumwe kandi burangwa n’intwaro rusangi ziba zinigiwe mu menshi. Intwaro za gisirikare zifata ubutegetsi ku nguvu zirakurakuranwa kuva mu mwaka w’1966 gushika mu mwaka w’1993. Kugira zigumane ubutegetsi nticabuza ko zisesa amaraso. Intwaro yitorewe n’abanyagihugu yagiye kujaho mu mwaka w’1993 aho hatorwa umukuru w’igihugu w’umuhutu Melchior Ndadaye, nawe nyene yishwe amaze amezi atatu gusa ku butegetsi. Intambara ifatiye ku bwoko iba iratanguye imara imyaka irenga 17.